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Shoulder
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Source: Southern California Orthopedic Institute
The shoulder is a remarkable and unique joint in the human body. It is inherently an unstable joint due to the way it is made, with the bony socket being very shallow and the humeral head (upper arm) being large and very rounded. This construct allows for an extraordinarily wide range of motion. The joint is stabilized by layers of tissues: the labrum, the biceps tendon, the superior, middle and inferior glenohumeral ligaments, the joint capsule, the rotator cuff tendons and the bony roof-the acromion and clavicle.
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